Five years after the COVID-19 pandemic shaved years off Chicagoans’ lives, residents across the city are expected to live longer, nearly matching the pre-pandemic average age of about 79 years old.
And the stark gap between how long Black Chicagoans are expected to live compared to Chicagoans of other races has shrunk, to about 11 years, according to a new brief from the Chicago Department of Public Health that examines 2023 data. This gap peaked at almost 13 years in 2021, a year into the pandemic.
The city attributes the uptick in people living longer to fewer people dying of COVID-19 and homicides, and more people surviving cancer as screening has improved. Fewer Black residents in particular have died of COVID-19, especially those younger than 40. When the pandemic first hit, Black and Latino Chicagoans got sick and died disproportionately compared to other Chicagoans.
Black and Latino Chicagoans have had the biggest gains in life expectancy since the pandemic tore through their communities, the data shows. Latino life expectancy, for example, grew 4.5 years on average between 2020 and 2023.
“We’re very far from where we want to be, but we are glad to see an upward trend in closing the life expectancy gap,” said Chicago Public Health Commissioner Dr. Simbo Ige.
The latest glimpse into the so-called “death gap” offers some silver linings, but the biggest drivers of why people die earlier than others still persist. And it could get worse.
Public officials, health advocates and residents are bracing for big federal cuts to the social safety net — from Medicaid health insurance to food assistance for people who are low-income — that help support many of the communities where people die younger than others. Fewer people getting vaccinated could lead to more premature deaths, too, Ige said.
Most of Ige’s budget comes from the federal government. She said she hopes to keep the small portion that comes from the city, which is facing a more than $1 billion budget shortfall in 2026.
“What we don’t want to do is say, you know, ‘people are dying in Chicago and there’s nothing we can do,'” Ige said. “At the end of the day, this is our city, and these are our people, and we must find a way.”
She’s looking to partner with universities and foundations to improve residents’ health.
Dr. David Ansell, who has studied the life expectancy gap in Chicago for years and is helping to narrow it on the West Side, cautioned not to “overcelebrate” the city’s latest data. The gap between Black and white people across the U.S., for example, is around five years, compared to 10 years in Chicago.
“We still have to forge ahead, regardless of whether the federal government is with us or not,” said Ansell, a senior vice president at Rush University Medical Center.
Researchers in 2019 found that Chicago had the largest life expectancy gap across neighborhoods of any big city in America.
Whether a person has access to healthy meals, a job and stable housing all play a role in their physical and mental health, and ultimately how long they can expect to live. In Chicago, it’s vastly unequal depending on where you live and what you look like.
In the city’s latest analysis of 2023 data, the average Chicagoan is expected to live to 78.7 years old. That’s an increase of about 1.5 years compared to 2022, and 3.5 years compared to 2020 when the pandemic hit. The average age was 78.8 years in 2019.
But there’s still a big gap across the city. At its widest point the gulf is 21 years, between the Loop and West Garfield Park. In the Loop, a person can expect to live on average until they’re 87, while in West Garfield Park it’s almost 67 years old.
Residents who live on the North Side tend to live the longest, followed by residents on the Southwest Side.
Residents who live in areas on the West, South and Far South sides are expected to die the youngest, around the time when many people often retire, at 67 years old.
The biggest drivers of the gap between Black and non-Black Chicagoans are consistent — homicide, heart disease, opioid overdoses and cancer — though fewer people are dying of homicide and cancer compared to 2022.
To help narrow the gap, the city has been focusing on neighborhoods on the West and South sides where people are expected to die the youngest.
Kristen Schorsch covers the health of the region for WBEZ.